Bitcoin is decentralized digital money and is protected by encryption. It was first introduced in January 2009.
A pseudonymous individual known as Satoshi Nakamoto presented the concept of bitcoin to the world on October 31, 2008, during the height of the financial crisis.
Nakamoto wrote on a cryptography mailing list - “Bitcoin P2P e-cash document,”. He also linked a white paper titled “Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System” in the email.
The Indian stock market traces its history back to the late 18th century when the trading floor was under the shade of a sprawling banyan tree opposite the Town Hall in Mumbai started by Premchand Roychand in 1875.
In 1957, the BSE was the first stock exchange to be recognized by the Government of India under the Securities Contracts Regulation Act. Construction of the present building, the Phiroze Jeejeebhoy Towers at Dalal Street, Fort area, began in the late 1970s and was completed and occupied by the BSE in 1980.
National Stock Exchange (NSE) incorporated in 1992 started by R.H. Patil.
When did Indian Stock Market Open?
NSE or National Stock Exchange is open on the weekdays from Monday to Friday from 9:15 to 3:30 AM in the Morning and is closed on Saturday and Sunday, except any special trading sessions are announced.
Overall, there are around 8000 Stocks divided among 3 major Segments Cap - Large, Mid and Small and also across 30 Sectors.
Market segments perform differently at different times:
Large Cap Stocks are always safe to invest because of less risky and stable returns but slow growth.
On an Average of 11 Years (2011 - 2021):
a) Large cap - 12.92%
b) Mid cap - 15.94%
c) Small cap - 17.7%
Sectors/themes perform differently at different times:
Stocks of which segments / sectors did you invest most?
The Union Budget for FY23 was presented amidst a backdrop of uncertainty owing to the renewed Covid-19 outbreaks, a pandemic-scarred informal sector, and a cooling global growth.
The FY23 Union Budget focused on credible revenue projections, continued fiscal consolidation and clear capital expenditure spending in the coming fiscal.
It laid the roadmap on reviving sustainable growth through capital formation and provided fiscal stimulus to achieve the goal of:
Growth and all inclusive welfare. Promoting technology enabled development, energy transition and climate action. Virtuous cycle starting from private investment, crowded in by public capital investment.
Budget Estimate (BE) Expense revised to Rs 34.87 trn from Rs37.70 trn Revised Estimate (RE) for FY22.
Financial institutions can be classified into two categories :
I. Banking Institutions
II. Non-Banking Financial Institutions
I. Banking Institutions:
Indian banking industry is subject to the control of the Central Bank (i.e. Reserve Bank of India).
The RBI as the apex institution organizes, runs, supervises, regulates and develops the monetary system and the financial system of the country. The main legislation governing commercial banks in India is the Banking Regulation Act, 1949.
The Indian banking institutions can be broadly classified into two categories :
1. Organized Sector 2. Unorganized Sector
An ideal definition of a bank can be given as “A bank is a commercial establishment which deals in debts and aims at earning profits by accepting deposits from general public at large, which is repayable on demand or otherwise through cheques or bank drafts and otherwise which are used for lending to the borrowers or invested in Government securities.”
“Banking means the accepting for the purpose of Indian companies lending or investment, of deposits of money from the public, repayable on demand or otherwise, and withdrawable by cheque, draft or otherwise.”
Banks are of various types and can be classified :
A. On the basis of Reserve Bank Schedule.
B. On the basis of ownership.
C. On the basis of domicile.
D. On the basis of functions.
This dawn of New Year 2022 expecting to bring promising news to Stock Traders & Investors. More Companies registered with SEBI trying to enter into Stock Markets in the form of IPOs & Mutual Fund AMC NFOs.
Indian Stock Markets ended positively on Friday as NIFTY 50 ended the year 2021 with hefty gains of 24.1%, the best gain in 4 years while BSE SENSEX booked at 22% Yearly gain best since 2017.
Stock Markets ended a highly volatile session on Nov 30 in the negative after moving in and out of positive several times during the day as NIFTY ends at 16,983 while SENSEX halts at 57,065.
Indian equity markets drifted lower following the worries raised over newly detected Omicron variant of COVID 19 virus.
Consumer Durables and IT indices gained the most while Metals, Auto and Banks fell the most. Smallcap index gained 1.45% while Midcap index rose 0.29%.
1) Banks borrowed Rs. 73 crore under the Central Bank’s marginal standing facility on Nov 29, 2021 compared with Rs. 65 crore on Nov 26, 2021.
2) RBI conducted auction of state development loans for six state governments for a notified amount of Rs. 6,277 crore for which the accepted amount stood at Rs. 5,677 crore. The cut off rate will remain in the range of 4.73% to 6.92%.
RBI imposed a penalty of Rs 1 crore on SBI for holding shares in borrower companies of an amount exceeding 30% of the paid-up share capital of those companies.
Domestic equity benchmarks ended with robust gains on Friday, snapping a three-day losing streak. The Nifty settled at 18,102.75 mark while S&P BSE Sensex at 60686.69.
PSU banks and media stocks corrected while IT and realty stocks rallied.
Tech Mahindra (up 4.06%), HDFC (up 2.99%), Infosys (up 2.74%) and Reliance Industries (up 1.47%) boosted the indices.
Broader indices lagged the benchmarks. The S&P BSE Mid-Cap index rose 0.57% while the S&P BSE Small-Cap index rose 0.25%.
1) Reliance Industries Ltd (RIL) will be exiting the shale gas business in North America as an agreement was inked on November 8 to sell off the assets linked to its subsidiary Reliance Eagleford Upstream Holding, LP (REUHLP) in Eagleford shale play.
Equity Benchmark closes positively followed by Diwali Samvat 2078 Muhurat Trading on Thursday (4th November) as NIFTY settles at 17,916 while SENSEX breaches 60,067. The broader markets relatively outperformed as Nifty midcap and small cap rose 2.4% and 1.3% respectively. Sectorally, IT, Metal, PSU Bank, realty outshone while pharma relatively underperformed.
1) The Reserve Bank of India eased current account rules for bank exposures less than 5 crore, allowing lenders to open current account, cash credit and overdraft facilities without any restriction. The regulator asked banks to implement the changes within one month.
2) Brent Crude Oil prices remained lower as on Wednesday 03rd November 2021 at US$ 83.2 /barrel as compared to previous week’s closing price at US$ 84.0 /barrel.
3) Gold prices remained flat as on 03rd November 2021 at $ 1782/ounce as compared to previous week’s closing price of $ 1784/ounce.
4) Bond yields ended lower at 6.35% as compared to previous week’s closing price at 6.37%.
5) IPO Corner:
a) Nykaa IPO was subscribed 81.78 times at the end of Day 3 of bidding. It received bids for 216.59 crore shares against an offer of 2.64 crore shares. Retail investors bid 12.24 times the reserved portion.
b) Capital Small Finance Bank has filed a DRHP with SEBI for an IPO.
c) Fino Payments Bank IPO was subscribed 2.03 times at the end of Day 3 of bidding. It received bids for 2.32 crore shares against an offer of 1.15 crore shares. Retail investors bid 5.92 times the reserved portion.
d) Delhivery has filed a DRHP with SEBI for an IPO worth Rs 7,128 crore.
e) SJS Enterprises IPO was subscribed 1.59 times at the end of Day 3 of bidding. It received bids for 1.68 crore shares against an offer of 1.05 crore shares. Retail investors bid 1.38 times the reserved portion.
f) Sigachi IPO was subscribed 101.91 times at the end of Day 3 of bidding. It received bids for 54.89 crore shares against an offer of 53.86 lakh shares. Retail investors bid 80.49 times the reserved portion.
g) PolicyBazaar IPO was subscribed 16.58 times at the end of Day 3 of bidding. It received bids for 57.23 crore shares against an offer of 3.45 crore shares. Retail investors bid 3.31 times the reserved portion.
Equity Benchmarks settled in Red this Week as NIFTY goes down to 17671 while SENSEX fell to 59,306 dragged down by Banking, Energy, and IT stocks.
Sectorally, pharma, PSU Banks relatively outperformed while financials, energy underperformed the index.
1) Tech Mahindra Ltd has acquired two companies – US based Infostar LLC (Lodestone) and London-based We Make Websites Ltd (WMW), for $105 million and 9.4 million pounds (approx. $13 million) respectively to strengthen its digital portfolio.
2) Tata Power has achieved a milestone of having more than 1,000 Electric Vehicle (EV) charging stations across the country. In addition, there are close to 10,000 home EV charging points.
3) Kotak Mahindra Bank: The Securities Appellate Tribunal (SAT) has partly stayed a Sebi order, which had directed Kotak Mahindra AMC to refund a part of the investment management and advisory fees collected by the fund house from the unitholders.
Indian equity markets closed in red as key benchmark indices S&P BSE SENSEX and NIFTY 50 lost 0.55% and 0.48% to close at 60,923.50 and 18,178.10 respectively due to the weak global cues as fresh worries over China’s property developer’s debt woes capped the market sentiments.
1) The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) imposed a monetary penalty of 1 crore on State Bank of India (SBI), for not complying with directions issued by the central bank with regard to fraud classification and reporting by commercial banks.
RBI has approved the re-appointment of Amitabh Chaudhry as MD and CEO of Axis Bank from January 1, 2022 till December 31, 2024.
2) Brent Crude Oil prices remained flattish at US$ 84.9 /barrel as compared to previous week's closing price.
3) Gold prices ended higher at $ 1793/ounce as compared to previous week's closing price of $ 1771/ounce.
4) Bond yields ended lower at 6.35% as compared to previous week's closing price at 6.37%.
5) Banks borrowed Rs. 1,678 crore under the Central Bank’s marginal standing facility on Oct 20, 2021 compared to that of Oct 18, 2021 when banks borrowed Rs. 806 crore.
Equity Benchmarks achieved all-time high as NIFTY climbed 2.5% to settle the week at 18339, whereas SENSEX closes at 61,036.
Realty, Power, Metals, Capital goods and Banks were the main gainers while Auto was the sole loser. Midcap and Smallcap indices rose close to 0.5% each.
1) Prime Minister Narendra Modi will launch the digital platform for the National Infrastructure Masterplan, through which the entire network of projects - from roads and railways to telecom networks and gas pipelines - until 2020, with plans up to 2024-25, will be laid out.
2) Rakesh Jhunjhunwala backed Akasa Airline has received a no objection certificate (NOC) from the Indian Government. The airline will now seek a license from the Directorate General of Civil Aviation (DGCA).The company will have former Jet Airways Chief Executive Officer Vinay Dube as the CEO for the airline.
Indian Equity Benchmarks concluded positively as NIFTY surges 2% settled at 17,895 while SENSEX elevated at 60,059 points all-time high.
Sectorally, IT and Energy indices rose the most, while FMCG, Pharma, Realty and Power indices fell the most. Smallcap index was up ~1% while Midcap index was up 0.2%.
1) Reserve Bank of India (RBI) in its Monetary Policy maintained its repo rate at 4.0%, reverse repo rate at 3.35% and MSF at 4.25% with MPC members unanimously voting on status quo on rates.
Reserve Bank of India announced to conduct 14-day Variable Rate Reverse Repo auction for a notified amount of Rs. 4,00,000 on Oct 22, 2021.
Indian Equity Benchmark Indices seen slightly correction this week although reached all-time high four consecutive weeks.
The NIFTY settled the week at 17532 by down at 1.8%, after five weeks of gains while SENSEX settled at 58,776 . The broader markets relatively outperformed the benchmark as Nifty midcap and small cap gained ~0.7%, each.
PSU Banks, Metals, Pharma and Auto indices rose the most, while IT, FMCG and Bank indices fell the most.
1) Reliance Industries Ltd. is in talks to buy a stake in Indian mobile content provider Glance InMobi Pte. RIL is considering investing about US$ 300mn in the unicorn backed by Google.
Reliance Capital’s meeting of the board of directors will now be held on October 11 2021. It was earlier scheduled to be held on September 28 2021.
Reliance Industries Ltd announced that Saudi Aramco Chairman Yasir Al-Rumayyan met all regulatory criteria for his appointment as an independent director, pending shareholder approval on the decision. The appointment of Yasir Al-Rumayya has taken effect from July 19, 2021 for a term of 3 years.
Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) in Mumbai on Friday celebrated as SENSEX breaches 60,000 Mark and NIFTY neared to 18,000. Finally BSE settles at 60,048 and NSE at 17,853.
Realty, Telecom and IT indices rose the most, while Power, Metals, Consumer Durables, and Healthcare indices fell the most.
1) The GST Council has decided that petroleum products will not be included under GST. Also, the council announced the rate on biodiesel, which is supplied to oil marketing companies for blending with diesel, will be reduced from 12% to 5%.
The GST rate on ores and concentrates of metals such as iron, manganese, etc., has been raised from 5% to 18%
According to Business Line, the GST Council has agreed to correct the inverted duty structure of footwear and textiles from January 1, 2022.
Indian Equity Benchmark Indices recorded all-time high this week as NIFTY settled at 17,585 while SENSEX at 59,015. Sectorally, IT, Banking and Auto outperformed with gains +2% each while Metal underperformed (-1.5%).
Overall, Metals, Realty, Power, Oil & Gas and Healthcare stocks fell the most while Telecom and Bank stocks rose the most.
1) Infosys and Microsoft have entered into a multi-year strategic engagement with Ausgrid to accelerate the cloud transformation of the largest electricity distributor on Australia’s east coast.
2) Zee Entertainment Enterprises Ltd announced that Manish Chokhani and Ashok Kurien have resigned from the position of Non-Executive Non-Independent Directors of the firm with immediate effect.
Zee Entertainment Enterprise Ltd (ZEEL) is embarking on a new path under 'ZEE 4.0', through which it aims to enhance profitability and continue to grow ahead of the industry. The company has a new organization design and a clear-cut growth strategy.
3) KNR Constructions received a Letter of Acceptance for Hyderabad Growth Corridor (HGCL) - widening of existing service roads from Nanakramguda to TSPA and Narsingi to Kollur and BT Overlay of Bitumen pavement from Gachibowli to Shamshabad of Outer Ring Road, Hyderabad. The contract is worth Rs 312.8 crore and is to be completed within a period of 15 months from the date of signing of the agreement.
Equity benchmarks recorded new highs as Nifty scaled to fresh all time high of 17436. The NIFTY settled the week marginally higher at 17369 up by 0.3% and SENSEX closed at 58,305.
Sectorally, Power, Telecom, Capital Goods and Metal indices rose the most, while Realty index was the loss leader. BSE Midcap and Smallcap indices closed about half a percent higher.
According to Refinitiv data, the MSCI Asia-Pacific index’s forward 12-month P/E ratio stood at 14.9 compared with the MSCI World’s P/E ratio of 18.46. That near 20% valuation discount is the highest in 14-months.
1) ICICI Bank: The insurance regulator IRDAI has allowed ICICI Bank to bring down its stake in ICICI Lombard General Insurance to 30%. The private bank currently holds about 52% in the non-life company.
2) Cabinet approves Rs 10,683cr PLI scheme for Textile Sector:
Anurag Thakur and Piyush Goyal in a cabinet briefing announced that the cabinet has approved the proposal for a production-linked incentive (PLI) scheme for specific segments in the textiles sector focuses on MMF Apparel, MMF fabrics and 10 segments/ products of technical textiles with a budgetary outlay of Rs 10,683 crore over next five years.
Equity Benchmark outperformed over fifth consecutive week as Indian Stock Market Indices settled at all time high - NIFTY at 17,323 and SENSEX at 58,129 mark.
Oil & Gas, Metals, Consumer Durables and Realty indices rose the most while Telecom and Banks declined.
On the BSE sectoral front, S&P BSE FMCG was the major gainer, up 1.56% followed by S&P BSE IT, up 1.54% and S&P BSE Consumer Durables, up 1.5%. S&P BSE Auto was the major loser, down 0.25% followed by S&P BSE Oil & Gas, down 0.07%.
The overall market breadth on BSE was strong with 1,942 scrips advancing and 1,245 scrips declining. A total of 153 scrips remained unchanged.
2021 August 4th Week - Stocks in News:
Indian Markets benchmark Indices outperformed as NIFTY ends at 16,705 while SENSEX closed beyond 56,124. All sectorial indices closed in green.
Capital Goods, Power, Metals and Healthcare sectors gained the most. Nifty midcap and small cap rose 2%, each.
1) Central Government announces asset Monetization plan to raise Rs 6 lakh Cr. by 2025:
Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman announced the launch of asset monetization plan under the National Monetization Pipeline (NMP) on Monday.
Government eyes to garner ₹88,000 crore in FY22 through monetization of existing infrastructure projects in sectors such as road, railways, power, gas pipelines under the ₹6 trillion National Monetization Pipeline spread over the next four years.
2) Vodafone Idea Vi loses 4.3 million users as Jio & Airtel gain
As per the latest monthly report published by the Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI), Vodafone Idea lost 4.3 million users in the month of June.
The numbers show that while Vi lost subscribers, Reliance Jio added 5.5 million subscribers to its network during the month, followed by Bharti Airtel with 3.8 million users.
Overall, while urban telephone subscriptions during the month grew by 0.74%, rural subscriptions fell by 0.16%.
Private access service providers held 89.95% market share of the wireless subscribers whereas BSNL and MTNL had a market share of 10.05%
Although Stock Market Indices are all-time high, on Friday Market opens up with Gap - Down of around 185 points following Global Cues. Finally, NIFTY closes at 16,450 while SENSEX ends at 55,329.
Metals, Capital Goods and Realty sectors fell the most while FMCG was the only gainer led by HUL. Midcap and Smallcap indices fell close to 2% underperforming the Nifty.
1) Reliance in deal with Saudi Aramco to sell it's stake:
Saudi Aramco is in advanced talks to acquire a roughly 20% stake in Reliance Industries Ltd.'s Oil refining and chemicals business for about $20 billion to $25 billion in Aramco's shares. Reliance had announced a stake sale to Aramco back in 2019 for $15 billion.
(Saudi Arabian Oil Company or Saudi Aramco is a public petroleum and natural gas company based in Dhahran, Saudi Arabia. It is one of the largest companies in the world in terms of consolidated revenue.)
2) WPI inflation eases to 11.16% in July; food, crude prices soften.
WPI is a price index that represents the wholesale price of goods.
Last month, the WPI Inflation stood at 12.07%. It has marginally lowered in July as inflation in fuel and power stood at 26.02% in July as compared to 32.83% in June.
The Food Index posted an inflation rate of 4.46% as compared to 6.66% in June.
3) HDFC Bank announced that it is planning to raise capital by issuing additional tier- I (AT1) bonds in the overseas market to fund its business growth.
HDFC has launched green and sustainable deposits that will be directed towards financing of green and sustainable housing credit solutions and services.
4) Tata Motors has partnered with Bank of Maharashtra to offer retail financing schemes for its range of passenger vehicles.
5) Indian Oil Corporation: IOC mentioned that under CSR activities, it will award a one-time support of Rs 10,000 and a certificate to 2,250 Class-10 topper girls from all states and central boards.
